What is an escharotomy?

An escharotomy is a medical procedure involving an incision made into necrotic tissue, which often occurs as a result of severe burns. This procedure is crucial because it addresses the complications that can arise from full-thickness burns where eschar, or dead tissue, forms a rigid, inelastic layer over the burned area.

When eschar forms, it can restrict blood flow and impair the ability of tissues to expand due to swelling. This can lead to compartment syndrome, where increased pressure within a closed muscle compartment can compromise blood supply and nerve function. By performing an escharotomy, healthcare providers cut through the eschar to relieve pressure, restore blood flow, and improve healing conditions for the affected tissues. This procedure is particularly important in emergency care settings when rapid intervention is required to prevent further complications.